Lead-Free Solders for Superconducting Applications
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Novel Rare-Earth-Containing Lead-Free Solders with Enhanced Ductility
Several lead-free material systems are available as replacements for traditional lead-based solders in microelectronic packaging, including near-eutectic combinations of tin-rich alloys. Although these materials have superior mechanical properties as compared to the Pb-Sn system, much work remains in developing these materials for electronic packaging. Small additions of rare-earth elements hav...
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T he use of lead in the electronics industry today accounts for approximately 7% of total lead consumption.' The single largest use of lead is in the manufacture of storage batteries, which accounts for 60% of the total lead produced.2 The use of lead is closely regulated in plumbing, paint and gasoline industries. Currently, the electronics industry has been exempted from the existing requirem...
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Ceramic capacitors have proven themselves very reliable with extremely low failure rates. As processes continue to improve, reliability of the dielectric also continues to increase. This increase in the reliability of the dielectric has caused other categories to emerge as the main contributors to the overall failure rate. A recent review of field failure analysis of surface mount MLCCs, has sh...
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Lead-free soldering, originally started as an environmental issue, is evolving rapidly into a business survival tool for the worldwide electronic industry. Promising lead-free solder alternatives for surface mount assembly applications include eutectic Sn/Ag, eutectic Sn/Cu, Sn95/Sb5, eutectic Sn/Bi, Sn/Ag/Cu, Sn/Ag/Cu/X, Sn/Bi/Ag/X, Sn/Zn/X, and Sn/In/Ag/(X). However, for wafer level area arra...
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This article describes new approach of modern potentiostat systems for the determination of lead in solders used in electrotechnic industry. It was studied electrochemical detection methods to enable accurate detection of heavy metals. With regard to the requirements of these methods are proposed facility presented. The general aim is principles of quantitative heavy metal detection by the elec...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
سال: 2016
ISSN: 1051-8223,1558-2515
DOI: 10.1109/tasc.2016.2539423